TY - JOUR
T1 - Adverse Effects of Common Sports and Recreational Activities on Male Reproduction
AU - Panara, Kush
AU - Masterson, John M.
AU - Savio, Luis F.
AU - Ramasamy, Ranjith
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 European Association of Urology
Copyright:
Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/11
Y1 - 2019/11
N2 - Context: Male factor infertility plays a significant role in infertility. Many factors have been associated with male infertility; however, the link between many sports and recreational factors and male reproduction remains poorly characterized. Objective: To evaluate the current literature regarding the impact of many common sports and recreational factors on male reproduction. Evidence acquisition: A comprehensive PubMed and Embase search for relevant articles published between 1970 and 2017 was performed by combining the following search terms: male, sports (including individual sports), traumatic brain injury, sauna, hot tub, fertility, erectile dysfunction, varicocele, environment, cell phone, and laptop computer. Evidence synthesis: Hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction can be associated with sports with high rates of head injuries, such as American football. Although early reports linked other sports, such as bicycling, to erectile dysfunction, subsequent studies isolated these associations to sports cycling rather than recreational cycling. Certain sports (football, basketball, handball, and volleyball) were linked to increasing prevalence and severity of varicocele, offering a potential link to male infertility. In addition, recreational activities such as sauna, hot tubs, Jacuzzis, heated car seats, and laptop use were associated with high testicular temperature, which can impair spermatogenesis. Radio frequency electromagnetic waves from cell phones and laptops have also been shown to have deleterious effects on sperm viability and motility. Conclusions: Many common sports and daily activities represent potential sources of male infertility. Clinicians should be aware of these associations in explaining idiopathic infertility in males. Patient summary: Male infertility is an often overlooked component of a couple's inability to conceive. We outline many common and often overlooked sports and recreational exposures that have been associated with male infertility.
AB - Context: Male factor infertility plays a significant role in infertility. Many factors have been associated with male infertility; however, the link between many sports and recreational factors and male reproduction remains poorly characterized. Objective: To evaluate the current literature regarding the impact of many common sports and recreational factors on male reproduction. Evidence acquisition: A comprehensive PubMed and Embase search for relevant articles published between 1970 and 2017 was performed by combining the following search terms: male, sports (including individual sports), traumatic brain injury, sauna, hot tub, fertility, erectile dysfunction, varicocele, environment, cell phone, and laptop computer. Evidence synthesis: Hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction can be associated with sports with high rates of head injuries, such as American football. Although early reports linked other sports, such as bicycling, to erectile dysfunction, subsequent studies isolated these associations to sports cycling rather than recreational cycling. Certain sports (football, basketball, handball, and volleyball) were linked to increasing prevalence and severity of varicocele, offering a potential link to male infertility. In addition, recreational activities such as sauna, hot tubs, Jacuzzis, heated car seats, and laptop use were associated with high testicular temperature, which can impair spermatogenesis. Radio frequency electromagnetic waves from cell phones and laptops have also been shown to have deleterious effects on sperm viability and motility. Conclusions: Many common sports and daily activities represent potential sources of male infertility. Clinicians should be aware of these associations in explaining idiopathic infertility in males. Patient summary: Male infertility is an often overlooked component of a couple's inability to conceive. We outline many common and often overlooked sports and recreational exposures that have been associated with male infertility.
KW - Bicycling
KW - Cell phones
KW - Electromagnetic waves
KW - Erectile dysfunction
KW - Hypogonadism
KW - Male infertility
KW - Sauna
KW - Sports
KW - Testicular temperature
KW - Traumatic brain injury
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U2 - 10.1016/j.euf.2018.04.013
DO - 10.1016/j.euf.2018.04.013
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29731401
AN - SCOPUS:85046822245
VL - 5
SP - 1146
EP - 1151
JO - European Urology Focus
JF - European Urology Focus
SN - 2405-4569
IS - 6
ER -